Table S1. Summary of factors investigated in the simulation study.
Table S2. Summary of parameters in the simulation study.
Figure S1. Overview of trial design and intercurrent events (a complete version of Figure 1).
https://www.stampede2trial.org
https://www.mrcctu.ucl.ac.uk/our-research/methodology/analysis/estimands/
https://www.mrcctu.ucl.ac.uk/our-research/methodology/analysis/estimation-and-causal-inference/
https://www.mrcctu.ucl.ac.uk/our-research/methodology/analysis/simulation-studies/
[1] James, N.D., et al., Abiraterone for Prostate Cancer Not Previously Treated with Hormone Therapy. N Engl J Med, 2017. 377(4): p. 338-351.
[2] James, N.D., et al., Addition of docetaxel, zoledronic acid, or both to first-line long-term hormone therapy in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): survival results from an adaptive, multiarm, multistage, platform randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 2016. 387(10024): p. 1163-77.
[3] International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), “Addendum on Estimands and Sensitivity Analysis in Clinical Trials to the Guideline on Statistical Principles for Clinical Trials E9(R1),” 2019.
[4] T. P. Clark, B. C. Kahan, A. Phillips, I. White, and J. R. Carpenter, “Estimands: Bringing Clarity and Focus to Research Questions in Clinical Trials,” British Medical Journal Open 12, no. 1 (2022): e052953.
[5] Mütze T, Bell J, Englert S, Hougaard P, Jackson D, Lanius V, Ravn H. Principles for Defining Estimands in Clinical Trials—A Proposal. Pharmaceutical Statistics. 2024 Aug 13.
[6] Robins JM, Finkelstein DM. Correcting for noncompliance and dependent censoring in an AIDS clinical trial with inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) log-rank tests. Biometrics. 2000;56:779-788.
[7] Cain LE, Cole SR. Inverse probability-of-censoring weights for the correction of time-varying noncompliance in the effect of randomized highly active antiretroviral therapy on incident AIDS or death. 2009;28:1725-1738.
[8] Morris TP, White IR and Crowther MJ. Using simulation studies to evaluate statistical methods. Statistics in Medicine 2019; 38(11): 2074–2102.